terça-feira, 1 de setembro de 2009

Lost in Translation!

Now, that is a lot more frequent than one might think, but sometimes it turns out to be quite funny too!

If you want/need/ like to have a good laugh, I recommend these two books: Lost in Translation, Misadventures in English Abroad and Still lost in translation, More Misadventures in English Abroad by Charlie Croker.


http://www.lostintranslationbook.com/

quarta-feira, 12 de agosto de 2009

Interesting and informative interview!

Anyone interested in translation and/or anyone working in the field, you should read this interview:
Sarah Dillon, a professional translator, interviews Renato Beninatto on his view on translation. He "offers us a business consultant’s view of freelance translation practitioners, and language service providers (LSPs) in general."

http://www.dillonslattery.com/2008/10/220.html

Enjoy it! :)

Why is it so important to hire professional translators/interpreters?

The whole world must have heard/read the news about the recent Hillary Clinton incident in Congo. I am not too concerned with her reaction, but with another issue: well, apparently the interpreter made a mistake and misunderstood a student's question to the US Secretary of State. According to CNN, the student wanted to ask President Obama's and the Secretary Clinton's opinion/position, but the interpreter got it wrong.
I have seen the video (where you can hear the interpreter's voice/translation), but unfortunately the student itself is not heard, so it is still unclear who's fault is it.

My point is, it is important to always hire professionals, specially in situations like this, in order to avoid this sort of embarrassing moments. Now, I have no information on this person's professional background, but it seems to me she was just a little too confused. I mean I was confused just hearing her! I'm not sure the person hired for this job is a professional interpreter, though.

I am going to use a question from a previous post , "Would you approve of a medical student performing minor operations to pay their way through medical school? (Would you describe your brochure/letter/annual report/speech as "minor"?)". My guess is you wouldn't!

You can check the video from the incident here:

quarta-feira, 3 de junho de 2009

translator's lament

To be a translator, believe me it’s sad,

To be a translator, you have to be mad-

Who else would sit in a room

Encased in loneliness more like a tomb?



Who else would fondle a microphone cable

Or typewriter keyboard when perfectly able

To fondle some better more pliant device?

(It happens to others, they say it’s quite nice.) :-o



Who else would apply so much love, care, devotion

To something that is another man’s notion?

Who else would spend hours to seek out one word

Just to ensure he writes nothing absurd?



Who else would read carefully through some epistle

Produced by a half-wit who had better whistle

Than write rotten copy that doesn’t mean much,

Yet expects a translation in, say, perfect Dutch?



Who else would accept that every job’s hot

When he knows that it’s probably not

And flog himself silly to see the work through

Then wait for three months not collecting one sou?



Who else would put up at social occasions

With statements like: “Oh, you do translations.-

There’s not much to that, after all it’s your lingo,

So where are the problems, why labour that thing so?”



Who else would be willing each day of the year

To sit exam where the pass-mark’s a mere

One hundred percent or perhaps just below?

If you think that’s easy, why not have a go?



And yet it’s a challenge which on reflection

Provides enormous job satisfaction.

Those who enjoy it will never desert

The odd fascination of the “foreign” word

-Wort, oh what the hell…

J.H. Hayes

domingo, 8 de março de 2009

Buying translations - Getting it right! part II

As promised, here is another piece of advice for Buying translations. I will not finish this subject today, so keep your heads up for the next post!

The information I am using was taken from a 2006 brochure called Translation, Getting it right. A guide to buying translations, by BDÜ, ITI, CiLT, ASTTI and SFT (for contacts see end of article), text:Chris Durban; Editor/Design: Antonio Aparicio. Any mistakes included here are my own responsibility, though.


11 - Professional translators work into their native language

If you want your catalogue translated into German and Russian, the work will be done by a native German speaker and a native Russian speaker. Native English-speakers translate from foreign languages into English.
As a translation buyer, you may not be aware of this, but a translator who flouts this basic rule is likely to be ignorant of other important quality issues as well.

OK, there are exceptions. But not many. If your supplier claims to be one of them, ask to see something he or she has done. If it is factually accurate and reads well, and if the translator guarantees equivalent quality for your text - why not? Sometimes a translator with particular subject-matter expertise may agree to work into what is for him or her a foreign language. In this case, the translation must be carefully edited - and not just glanced through - by a language-sensitive native speaker before it goes to press.

Do translators living outside their home country lose touch with their native tongue? At the bottom end of the market, perhaps. But expert linguists make a point of keeping their language skills up to scratch wherever they are.

12 - What language do your readers speak?

Spanish for clients in Madrid or in Mexico city? Uk English or US English? (European Portuguese or Portuguese from Brazil?) Liaise with your foreign partners to find out precisely what is needed.

In 1999, the US Department of Housing and urban Development ordered a "creole" translation of an 8-page brochure. The text was erroneously translated into a Jamaican-style patois that started "Yuh as a rezedent ave di rights ahn di rispansabilities to elp mek yuh HUD-asisted owzing ah behta owme fi yuh ahn yuh fambily". "Total garbage, of no use to anyone in the Caribbean," said Jamaican embassy spokesman in Washington. All Jamaican government documents are printed in standard English. "We find this extremely offensive," he added.

Register is also important. German for doctors and medical personnel or for healthcare consumers? Are you selling shoe polish in the third world or investment funds out of Luxembourg?

Speak your readers' language. Put yourself in their shoes, and zero in on how your products and services can serve their needs. Be concrete. Be specific. (The same applies to source-language promotional materials, of course).

13 - An inquisitive translator is good news

No one reads your texts more carefully than your translator. Along the way, he or she is likely to identify fuzzy bits - sections where clarification is needed. This is good news for you, since it will allow you to improve your original.

A European video-games specialist notes that management did not really understand their own stock-options policy until an English translation was commissioned: the translator asked many questions and delivered a version far clearer than the original.

Ideally, translators strip down your sentences entirely before creating new ones in the target language. Good translators ask questions along the way.

14 - The more technical your subject, the more important it is that your translators know it inside out

If you supply basic information to five native speakers of any language and ask them each to write up a 100-word product description, you will get five texts, some clearer and more readable than others. People familiar with the subject are likely to produce a better text. The same applies to translators.
You will get best results from developing an on-going relationship with a translator or team of translators. The longer you work with them and the better they understand your business philosophy, strategy and products, the more effective their texts will be.

Whenever possible, know your translators - not just the project managers, but the translators themselves, the people who actually produce your texts. And make sure they know you.

Talk to your translators. They should be at home with the subjects they translate; if not, it's time to change suppliers. Translators should not be learning the subject at your expense, unless you have expressly agreed to this.


15 - The home stretch: have a typeset copy proofread by your translator

Always. Even if you have a sound procedure in place, with reliable translation providers who know your company inside out, last-minute additions (headings, captions, word changes) by well-meaning non-linguists can sabotage an otherwise effective document.

"Skeletons of Mothers (Foreign companies)" reads one heading on the Tokyo Stock Exchange web site. The page itself is a well-translated outline of listing information for foreign companies. The stumble appears to have occured when a non-native English speaker stepped in, dictionary in hand, as dealines loomed: true, honegumi (literally "bone/assembly") can be rendered "skeleton", but in this context would be "outline" or "summary". "Mothers"? The market segment concerned is for high-growth companies that need "nurturing".

"Beware: there are two stops at Roissy/Charles-de-Gaulle airport" warns a sign in the rail link to the international airport north of Paris.

Be sure to have a language-sensitive native speaker on hand to vet final fiddling. For the same reason, do not finalise changes for foreign texts by telephone. They are almost always misheard.


ITI - Institute of Translation & Interpreting www.iti.org.uk
CILT, the national Centre for Lnaguages
www.cilt.org.uk
SFT - Société Française des Traducteurs www.sft.fr
BDÜ - Bundesverband der Dolmetscher und Übersetzer e.V.
http://www.bdue.de
ASTTI - Swiss Association of Translators, Terminologists and Interpreters www.astti.ch

domingo, 1 de março de 2009

Buying translations - Getting it right! part I

Translation is still considered a very easy job that any one with little knowledge of foreign languages is capable of doing. And people actually tend to think they can do it even if they have learned a foreign language ages ago in high-school! Well, news flash: it is not so! And any person without proper training who ever tried translating should know I’m right (unless they are totally unrealistic or narcissistic!). Of course that if all you are asked to translate is “Hello, how are you?” you should be able to handle it. But to be a translator or an interpreter (which are two totally different things!) is so much more than just knowing a little bit of English or Swedish.

For the sake of professional translation/translators, this post is meant to be a piece of advice for those who need/want to buy translations, but have no clue where to start and how to do it. I am going to use the information from a 2006 brochure called Translation, Getting it right. A guide to buying translations, by BDÜ, ITI, CiLT, ASTTI and SFT (for contacts see end of article), text:Chris Durban; Editor/Design: Antonio Aparicio. Any mistakes included here are my own responsibility, though.

I am not going to include everything in one post because it would make it a very long one. I might divide it in two or three posts.

As they say in the first page "For non-linguists, buying in translation is often a source of frustration. The suggestions in this brochure are aimed at reducing stress". So I hope this helps!

1- Does it really need to be translated?


Rather than blindly translate documents in full decide with your client or sales team which information is actually required. You can axe padding, including self-congratulatory prose and lists of all the in-house departments that have worked to make the product a success.

In 1999 a financial institution in France trimmed a 500-page user manual down to 230 pages with the help of an expert translator, who identified redundancies and sections that did not apply to foreign clients - before starting the translation proper.

Translate only relevant sections of existing documents, or produce shorter documents in your own language and have these translated.

2 - A picture is worth a thousand words

Take the burden off the words. Judicious use of maps, pictograms and diagrams can be far more effective with international readers than literary ramblings and hyper-technical descriptions. Your translator's job will be easier; there will be less risk of stumbling over the precise technical term. And your translation bill will probably be lower.

In 2001, Heathrow Airport moved 60.4 million travellers from all parts of the world through its four terminals using internationally-recognised pictograms. Ikea has several stores in several countries which mean totally different languages and cultures. It uses largely word-free diagrams to guide customers through kit assembly. 80% of instructions are pictures only; the remaining 20% require text to communicate safety aspects.

Only use text when you have to, or when it is the most effective means of getting your message across.

3 -Think international from the start

Avoid culture-bound clichés. References to your national sport may well fall flat. Ditto literary/cultural metaphors. Tread carefully with references to parts of the human body, viewed differently by different cultures.
For written documents, don't box yourself in by linking your pitch to visuals that may not carry the same meaning outside your native country - forcing translators to resort to cumbersome wordplay and workarounds.

In January 1998 PM Tony Blair told a group of Japanese businessmen that his government intended to go "the full Monty" in putting the UK economy on a sound footing. Blank faces: the film had not yet been released in Japan.

Keep some local flavour if you like but check with your foreign-text team to make sure that adaptation is possible. For written documents, be sure to include international calling codes for telephone and fax.

4 - How much will it cost?


Translation prices range from 1 to 10, and while high prices do not necessarily guarantee high quality, we respectfully submit that below a certain level you are unlikely to receive a text that does credit to your company and its products. If translators are netting little more than a babysitter, they are unlikely to be tracking your market with the attention it deserves.
Be realistic. How many pages can a translator produce an hour? How much time do you expect him or her spend crafting the text that will promote your product or service? (How much time did your team spend producing the original?)
When choosing a supplier, calculate how much you have spent to develop the product or services you want to promote outside your country. If you cannot afford a professional translation, perhaps you are not ready for the international market yet.

The added value that a translation company offers (translator selection, project management, quality control, file conversions, standardised presentation of multilingual projects, etc.) also has a price-tag, but can save you hours of work.

5 - How important is style?

Some translations are no-hopers from the start. For example:

Tehao Rechargeable shaver RCCW-320: Smuggle the razor blade (reference value around 400 g) on your muscle vertically. Then drag your skin and shave back slowly.

Often these are raw machine translation, or the work of non-native speakers struggling away with a grammar book in one hand and a dictionary in the other. They are good for a laugh.
Other translations are technically accurate, yet the sentences do not flow as smoothly as they might; word order or choice of vocabulary may be unduly influenced by the original language. They are not particularly effective for selling, but may be good enough for readers who know the subject and can - or have time to - read between the lines.

Many translators/translation companies often supply "for-information" translation as standard work, rather than a "rewrite" or "adaptation". To avoid misunderstanding, clarify this up front. Get it in writing.

6 - Resist the temptation to do it yourself

Speaking is not writing. Oral fluency does not guarantee smooth, stylish writing. Even if you regularly negotiate successfully in French, German, or Spanish, and spend lots of time in the countries where those languages are spoken, 99 times out of 100 your written command of a foreign language will be immediately recognisable as "foreign".
This may be important if (1) your main selling point is price (price-driven clients will put up with a lot if they manage to understand the basics) or (2) you want to emphasise a certain foreignness.

If you wish to project an international image, you will probably be better served by a less ethnic approach. In many cultures, awkward or sloppy use of the local language - especially by a native English speaker - is not amusing. It is insulting.

7 - Finalise your text before starting the translation


Tempting as it may be to get your translation project rolling as quickly as possible, having translators work from a draft-in-progress will almost always be more time consuming - hence more expensive and frustrating - than waiting for the final text to be ready. Worse yet: the more versions you have, the more likely it is that errors will creep into the final version.

Sometimes you have no choice. Sometimes deadlines are so tight that work on the translation must begin before you've finalised the original text. If this is the case, be sure to time and date-stamp each version and mark changes from one version to the next clearly for your translators.

8 - What about machine translation?

If you are pressed for time and want to get the gists of something for you own use (inbound), machine translation may be helpful. It is certainly fast and you can't get much cheaper than free.
As a general rule of thumb, do not use raw machine translation for anything outbound without the express agreement of your clients. It is simply not suitable: you run the risk of looking inarticulate and stupid.

Careful editing of machine output by skilled human translators is one option, although not all translators will accept such assignments. Many insist that texts generated by computer programs are so skewed it is faster to start from scratch.

A French company used MT to produce its accounts (Nov. 2000): la clôture mensuelle became "The Monthly Fence" (aka Month-end); posistionnement chrono journal: "positioning stopwatch newspaper" (ledger log position). Back to the drawing board.

Some translation providers have developed proprietary software for specific language pairs and subjects; their gisting will be much better than any of the £99.99 off-the-shelf packages. But it will not be free, and for all but a handful of cases will still need human revision.

In October 2000, the Wall Street Journal gave two free online automatic translation services a test run and concluded: "These services are passable for travellers or for those wanting to translate a letter from a distant cousin. I definitely wouldn't use them for a business or anything that remotely requires accuracy." (A Closer Look, 10/00)

9 - Tell the translator what it's for

A speech is not a web site. A sales brochure is not a catalogue entry. A graph heading is not a directional sign. An article in the News of the World is not a prospectus for an Initial Public Offering.

Style, pronounceability, word choice, phrasing and sentence length - all will vary, depending on where your text will appear and what you want it to achieve. An experienced translator will probably ask you for this information; make sure you know yourself.

Be sure to tell your translator what your text is for, so that s/he can prepare a foreign-language version with maximum impact for that particular audience and vector.

10 - Teachers & academics: at your peril

For many companies faced with foreign-language texts, the first stop is the language department of a local school or university. While this may - sometimes - work for inbound translation, it is extremely risky for promotional texts.

Teaching a foreign language is a demanding activity that requires a special set of skills. These are rarely the same as those needed to produce a smooth, stylish translation. The risks are even greater if you opt for student translators, which may seem like a nice, inexpensive option.

Q: Would you approve of a medical student performing minor operations to pay their way through medical school? (Would you describe your brochure/letter/annual report/speech as "minor"?) Would you have your company's financial statements prepared by business students to save money?

That's that for today! Stay tuned for more advices!

ITI - Institute of Translation & Interpreting
http://www.iti.org.uk/
CILT, the national Centre for Lnaguages
http://www.cilt.org.uk/
SFT - Société Française des Traducteurs
http://www.sft.fr/
BDÜ - Bundesverband der Dolmetscher und Übersetzer e.V.
http://www.bdue.de/
ASTTI - Swiss Association of Translators, Terminologists and Interpreters
http://www.astti.ch/

sábado, 28 de fevereiro de 2009

I can do that! LOL

Verdadeiro ou Falso?

Nada melhor do que começar por esclarecer alguns dos mitos mais comuns!

Quanto aos tradutores...

"Para traduzir basta ter um bom dicionário" - Falso

A tradução é uma profissão. Se bastasse um dicionário, as más traduções não seriam tão frequentes (veja-se o quão incompreensíveis são alguns manuais que acompanham os eletrodomésticos, por exemplo!).

"Tenho uma secretária trilingue, portanto, posso pedir-lhe que me traduza o que preciso" - Falso

Uma pessoa que saiba falar uma língua estrangeira não tem necessariamente capacidade para fazer uma boa tradução, tal como não basta ser-se lusófono para se saber redigir (ou falar)correctamente em português.

"Um tradutor lusófono traduz tão bem para inglês como para português" -

Falso, se o português for a sua única língua materna.
Verdadeiro, se for totalmente bilingue, ou seja, se dominar perfeitamente ambas as línguas, quer escrita quer oralmente.

"Um dia os tradutores serão substituídos por máquinas" - não se pode dizer que seja totalmetne falso dado que há cada vez mais investigação e evolução neste sentido. Contudo não há máquina nenhuma que possa traduzir tão bem quanto o homem pois as subtilezas e outras cambiantes da linguagem ainda escapam à inteligência artificial, o que não impede, no entanto, que haja aplicações informáticas que contribuam positivamente para a tradução.

Quanto aos intérpretes ...

"Tradutor ou intérprete é tudo a mesma coisa" - Falso

Embora tenham muito em comum, estas duas profissões exigem formações diferentes. Pode ser-se um bom tradutor e não se ter competência para se ser intérprete e vice-versa.

"Basta ser bom em línguas para se ser intérprete" - Falso

A interpretação é uma profissão em si. Para uma interpretação de algo mais do que uma simples troca de cumprimentos é preciso dominar um método de trabalho que não é possível improvisar, além de muitas outras questões (culturais, por exemplo) que ajudam na decisão (muitas vezes em segundos) da expressão a escolher.

"Aprendi finlandês e alemão, portanto, posso fazer interpretação para estas duas línguas" - Falso

Só se pode interpretar (e traduzir) para uma língua que se domine na perfeição (em geral, a língua materna), porque o intérprete dispõe apenas de algumas fracções de segundo para reflectir, o que não permite qualquer hesitação e deixa uma margem muito reduzida para o erro.

"Um intérprete é um intérprete. Não preciso de um intérprete de conferência." - Falso

O intérprete de conferência possui um diploma universitário e uma formação de alto nível, o que não acontece com todo o tipo de intérpretes.

Fonte: Tradutores e Intérpretes, Línguas e sentidos, Serviço das publicações oficiais das comunidades Europeias, Luxemburgo, 2001 (http://europa.eu.int)